Calculating speed and multiples scores

Scores are collected from each judge and averaged according to the averaging rules.

This average is called $a$

False starts and false switches cause a deduction of 10 clicks for each instance in all events except DDC speed. For DDC speed, the deduction for a false start and obstructions is 5 clicks per instance. The final score is the average of the two closest judge scores minus the deductions.

The amount of false starts and false switches (false starts and obstructions for DDC) as reported by the head judge are summed up and multiplied by ten (five for DDC), this is called $m$. ($m = (\text{starts} + \text{switches}) \times 10$ or $m = (\text{starts} + \text{obstructions}) \times 5$) The result, called $R$, is obtained by subtracting the deductions ($m$) from the average score ($a$). ($R = a - m$)